Building construction



Nov. 18, 1924.l

F. R. HAHN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 5 Sheets-Sheetl 1 Filed Sept. '7. 1918Nov. 18 1924 F. R. HAHN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. '7. 1919 5Sheets-Sheet L2 F. R. HAHN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed sept. v. 191s 5sheets-sheet '5 Nov. 18, 1924 l'1,516,096

F. R. HAHN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 7. 191B 5 Sheets-Sheet 5INYENTEE.

AT TYE Patented Nov. 18, i924.

PATE

FRANK n. HAHN, or nncATUn, ILLrNors, AssIofNon or METEEN Pme CENT 'ro A.c. CLARK, or s'r. PAUL, nuNNnso'rA, AND straw-ONE AND rw'o-TI-rrnns rnnCENT To w. r. LANDON, on ROCHELLE, rLLINoIs.

:BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Apptlcation filed September '7, 1918.v Serial No. 252,989.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, FRANK R. HAHN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Decatur, in the county of Macon and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful improvements in Building Constructions,of whichV the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in building structures and theprincipal `object of this invention is the provision of such a structurewhich is composed entirely of units or elements which may be molded orcast of cement or other suitable plastic material.

' Other objects of this invention include the provision of an improvedform of foundation, an improved wall construction, an improved roofconstruction and suitable bracing means therefor, and means permittingthe securing of the usual wooden base boards, door and window frames,plate racks and the like, in position.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and such other objects as mayhereinafter appear, my invention consists in the construction,combination and arrangementof parts hereinafter described and thensought to be defined in the `appended claims, `reference being had tothe accompanyingl drawings forming a part hereof and'which show merelyfor the purpose of illustrative disclosure, a preferred embodiment ofmyinvention, it being expressly understood, however, that variouschanges may be made in practice within the scope of the claims withoutdigressing from my inventive idea.

In the drawings, j A

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a. wall constructed of unitsor elements embodying different features of my invention;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of one of the units or elements havingprovision for securing base boards; door and window frames or plateracks and the like, thereto;

Figure 3 isa perspective view of one of the vertical studs or supports;j

Figure 4 is a lperspective view of a slightly different form of wallconstruction; also showing the method of assembling and the cornerconstruction;

Figure 5 is a cross section of one form of securing means;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the upper portion of a wall and partof the roof,

constructed so as to embody various features of my invention;

Figure 7 is a longitudinal cross section through part of the roof;

Figure 8 is a lateral cross section through several of the rooting slabsor elements;

Figure 9 is a transverse cross section through the upper portion of thewall showing the rafter and joist in longitudinal cross section, and theroofing slabsor elements in end elevation.

Figure 10 is an elevation and cross section of an extensible jointmember for the roof; Figure 11 is a perspective view of a wall using mytwo-part slabs or elements;

Figure 12 is a perspective view'of a wall or partition showing thecenter column construction with the re-inforcedcross beams or girders,parts being shownin section to facilitate the disclosure;

Figure 13 is a perspective view ofthe base or bottom of the pilasterformation showing the interlocking slab members for forming the bases ofthe walls or partitions;

Figure 14 is a perspective view of another form of wall constructionshowing a somewhat different forni of supporting means for supportingkthe transverse joists orbeams, parts being shown in section tofacilitate disclosure;

Figure 15 is a cross section through the floor and ceiling construction;

Figure 16 isl a perspective view lof al slightly modified form of the joists or beams having a wood or composition insert to which the flooringmay be secured;

Figure 17 is a perspective view of the base member for buildingtip-partitions to divide the large room or space into a plurality ofrooms. Y

Referring now to the drawings and at first, to Figures l to 5,inclusive, the nu` meral 1 designates the foundation which 1s cast ofcement orfother suitable material in the form shown, being providedwithvthe groove or recess 2 toreceive the reduced end 3 of the verticalstud or supporting post 4. Cement or other plastic material may be castinto this groove or recess'to securely hold the studs or posts inposition. This stud or post 4 is substantially rectangular in crosssection and is provided with *the plurality of cut out portions orrecesses forming shoulders 6 which support the enlarged longitudinalunits or elements 7, the smaller or facing units or elements 8 beingarranged therebetween. These units or elements have the interfittingtongue and groove construction 9 and certain of them are cast with theslab of wood 10 therein. This slab or piece of wood varies in sizeaccording to its position in the unit or element and serves as a meansto receive the nails or other securing means by which the base boards,door and window frames, plate racks and the like, are secured to thewalls. rlhe top plate or head piece 11 is positioned on top of the upperunit or element, as shown.

In Figure 4 l disclose a slightly different form of wall construction,and also the corner construction comprising' a single wall instead ofthe double wall, as shown in Figure 1. The elements or units 12 aresubi" stantially thicker than the elements or units 7 and 8 and have theinterlocking end portions 13. These parts are supported in similarvertical studs or posts 14, as shown.

ln order to assemble these wall constructions I provide the apertures 15through the reduced portions of the vertical studs or supports so as toreceive the locking means shown in Figure 5, which includes the sleeve16, telescopically receiving the smaller sleeves 17 having the cupshaped heads 18 and through which pass the securingbolts 19 having theadjustingnuts 20. Of course the heads of the nuts are concealed by puttyor any other suitable substance, but the securing means are arranged sothat convenient access may be had thereto for taking down the structure,if desired. Referring to Figure 4, it is seen that 1 may provide theposts or studs with the vertical grooves 14 to receive cement or otherplastic material after assembling to increase the strength of the posts.I also use the corner facing elements 15 to make the structure morepleasing and finished in appearance Referring now to Figures 6, 7, 8 and9, the wall shown is substantially as that shown iu Figure 1, includingthe top plate or head piece 11, which is provided with longitudinallyextending groove or recess 21 to receive a corresponding head 22 on theceiling joist 23, which extends across the building from wall to wall,as is well understood. The top of the top plate or head piece 11 is ofpyramidal shape and supports the rafter 24 which has a recess cutout tofit the top plate or head piece. This rafter is provided with thecentrally located recess 25 leading into the trough 26 formed in the endof the overhanging extension 27. This trough actually forms a supportingmeans for the usual gutter trough.

28 designates the roofing slabs, the ends of which are of substantiallyS-shape so as to interfit as at 29, and the side edges are provided withthe lugs or flanges 30 which rest in the groove or recess 25 of therafter with a slight space therebetween to receive the joint member 31,which has the overhanging top 32, thereby forming a tight joint. If,however, the joint should leak, the leakage will pass into the recess orgroove 25 down into the gutter. 'lo provide for variation in lengths, Imerely make this joint member telescopic or extensible, as shown indetail in Figure 10, including` the base 33 and the top 34 slidablethereon.

In Figure 11, l show a somewhat different form of slab or unitconstruction, previouslv patented by me. Fach slab or unit is composedof two similar parts 35 having the tongue ends 36 which fit into thecorresponding recesses 37 in the longitudinal supporting units orelements 7.

Attention is now directed to Figures 12 and 13, in which 38 designatesthe supporting post or pilaster which is formed of a plurality ofpre-cast units 39 having tne recesses 40 formed therein and having theirtop faces tapered or inclined inwardly as at 41 so as to permit theconcrete or cement to fill up the joints from the inside when pouredinto the column. These recesses 40 in the units are for the purpose ofreceiving the interlocking ends 42 of the partition forming slab members43 which may extend therefrom in any of the four directions shown andwhich are of substantially the same construction as previouslydescribed, having the interlocking end portions and the groove andflange construction on the top and bottom for interfitting purposes.

The girder 44 which rests on top of the pilaster and the partitionincludes the spaced side members 45 having the inturned bottoni portions46 with the enlarged end portions 47 to receive the interlocking bottomslab member 48. These side members have their adjacent ends ofinterlocking construction as indicated at .49, and are provided with thebolt or other securing means 50 for holding the same in assembledposition. After these side and bottom members are assembled, the form isfilled with cement or other suitable plastic materia-l 5l which isre-inforced as at 52, if desired.

The side edges' of the side members 45 project above the mass of cementso as to fit in the groove 53 provided in the joists or beams 54. Theseoists or beams are provided with the groove 55 in the top thereof toreceive the end flanges 56 of the floor slabs 57. lf desired, a suitablepiece of wood or other nailing composition may be positionedtherebetween. If desired, the grooves 55 may be filled with the woodenor suitable composition strip 59 for nailing purposes. 'lhese joists orbeams 54 may be suitably reinforced as indicated at GO, Figure 15, andare provided with the side flanges 61 on their lower portions to receivethe ceiling plates 62, as

clearly shown in Fig. 15. It islto be noted that the reinforcement6()extends into these lateral extensions 61 so as to strengthen theisufficiently to perform the required wor In Figure 14, Iillustratesubstantially the wall construction shown in Figure 1 of thedrawing, with the exception that the studs l are provided with therecess 63 in the reduced extremity 6ft, this recess being for thepurpose of receiving the supporting member 65 which extends from onestud or post to the next. This supporting member is cross-shaped incross section, having vertical members 66 and the horizontal members 67,the horizontal members 67 `resting on the enlarged longitudinal units-or elements 7 and one vertical member restingin the slot or groove 63and the other in the slot or groove' in the `ioist or bea-m 54. rIhepurposey of this member is to `securely support the various parts of'the building together. The extensions for the upper walls are supportedin the saine manner therefrom.

Figure 17 illustrates a means for dividing a room or space into aplurality of rooms, including the base partition members 68 which havethe interlocking end portion 69 .and interfit at their intermediateportions 70. Of course it is understood that the units or slabs formingthe partitions are built up on this base member.

It is, therefore, evident that I have provided a plurality of elementsor units which may be pre-cast and assembled to construct a building orother structure, being so made that the structure will 'be `securely andconveniently assembled. Sufficient variation in the size, arrangementand construction of the parts is provided so as to provide a structurefor any reasonable purpose.

IVhat I claim is 1. A construction of the character described includingin combination, the following units cast of plastic material, afoundation unit having a longitudinally extending recess formed therein,a plurality of vertical studs each having a reduced `p0rtion at itslower end adapted to fit into said recess and having a plurality of cutout portions providing shoulders at various places throughout itslength, a plurality of longitudinally extending supporting membersadapted to fit in the horizontally aligned cut out portions of the studsand slab units resting upon said supporting members and positionedtherebetween.

2. A construction of the character described including in combination,the following units cast of plastic material, a foun dation unit havinga longitudinally extending recess formed therein, a. plurality ofvertical studs each having a reduced portion at its lower end adapted totit into said revertical studs each having a reduced portion at itslower end adapted to ftit into said recessv and having a plurality ofcut out portions providingshoulders, a pluralityof longitudinallyextending supporting members adapted to fit in said cut out portions ofthe studs and slab units resting thereon and positioned therebetween,certain of' said slab units having pieces of fibrous material vcasttherein,

4. A construction `of the .character de- -i scribed including incombination, a foundation unit having a recess formed therein, verticalstuds each having a .reduced vportion at its lower end adapted to fitinto Asaid recessand having a plurality of cut out portions providingshoulders, a plurality of longitudinally extending supporting memvbersadapted to 'fit in said cutout portions of the studs and slab unitsresting thereon and positioned therebetween, certain of said `slabunitsk having pieces of wood .cast therein. y

5. A constructionof the character described including in combination, afoundation unit yhaving a `recess formed therein, vertical studs eachhaving a :reduced portion at itslower end adapted to fit into saidrecess and having a plurality vofcut out portions providing shoulders, aplurality of longitudinally extending supporting members-adapted to litin 4said cut out portions of the studs and slab units resting .thereonand positioned therebetween, certain ofthe slab units having meanstherein to permit the reception of the securing means for securing doorand window frames, base boards, plate racks and the like thereto.

6. A construction of the character vdescribed including in combination,the following units cast of plastic material, a foundation unit having alongitudinally exh tendingrecess formed therein, a. plurality ofvertical studs each having a reduced ,portion at 'its lowerendadaptedlto lit into said recess and having a plurality of cutout1portionsproviding shoulders at various places throughout its length,a plurality of longitudinally extending supporting members adapted tofit -in the horizontally aligned out out portions of the :studs and slab-units liitl resting upon said supporting members and positionedtherebetween, and means for securing said longitudinally extendingsupporting members to the studs.

7 A construction of the character described including in combination, afoundation unit having a recess formed therein, vertical studs eachhaving a reduced portion at its lower end adapted to fit into saidrecess and having a plurality of cut out portions providing` shoulders,a plurality of longitudinally extending supporting members adapted tofit in said cut out portions of the studs and slab units resting thereonand positioned therebetween, and means for securing said longitudinallyextending supporting members to said studs, said means being detachableand including a sleeve cast in the stud, other sleeve members positionedin the longitudinally extending supporting member and adapted to fitwithin said first mentioned sleeve, and a bolt passing through saidtelescoping sleeves.

8. A construction of the character described including in combination, afoundation unit having a recess formed therein, vertical studs eachhaving a reduced pontion at its lower end adapted to fit into saidrecess and having a plurality of cut out portions providing shoulders, aplurality of longitudinally extending supporting members adapted to fitin said cut out portions of the studs and slab units resting thereon andpositioned therebetween, a top or head piece positioned on top of saidstuds and units, a plurality of rafters mounted on said top or headpiece, roong slab units resting on the rafters and joint members forcovering the joint between the roofing slab units.

9. A construction of the character described including in combination, afoundation unit having a rece-ss formed therein, vertical studs eachhaving a reduced porltion at its lower end adapted to fit into saidrecess and having a plurality of cut out portions providing shoulders, aplurality of longitudinally extending supporting members adapted to fitin said cut out portions of the studs and slab units resting lthereonand positioned therebetween, a top or head piece positioned on top ofsaid studs and units, a plurality of rafters mounted on said top or headpiece, roofing slab units resting on the rafters and joint members forcovering the joint between the roofing slab units, said roofing slabunits having interlocking edges.

10. A construction of the character described including in combination,a foundation unit having a recess formed therein, vertical studs eachhaving a. reduced portion at itts lower end adapted to t into saidrecess and having a plurality of cut out portions providing shoulders, aplurality of longitudinally extending supporting members adapted to fitin said cut out portions of the studs and slab units resting thereon andpositioned therebetween, a topor head piece positioned on top of saidstuds and units, a plurality of rafters mounted on said top or ieadpiece, roofing slab units resting on the rafters and joint members forcovering the joint between the roofing slab units, said roofing slabunits having interlocking edges, and having a space between the endsthereof, said joint members having a portion fitting in said space andalso a portion covering the end edge portions thereof,

ll. A construction of the character described including in combination,the following elements cast of plastic material, a foundation, aplurality o-f vertical supports, a plurality of facing slabs supportedthereon, a head piece on top thereof, ceiling j oists connected thereto,a plurality of rafters supported on said head piece, each having alongitudinally extending recess, a plurality of roofing slab unitsextending between adjacent rafters and having end flanges adapted to fitinto said recess, said roofing slab units having interlocking edgeportions, and joint members for covering the joints between the endsthereof.

12. A construction of the charac-ter described including in combination,the following elements cast of plastic material, a foundation, aplurality of vertical supports, a plurality of facing slabs supportedthereon, a head piece on top thereof, :ceiling oists connected thereto,a plurality of rafters supported on said head piece, each having alongitudinally extending recess, a plurality of roofing slab unitsextending between adjacent rafters, and having end flanges adapted tofit into said recess, said roofing slab units having interlocking edgeportions, and oint members for covering the. oints between the endsthereof, said rafters each having an extension provided with a curvedsupporting portion adapted to receive.a gutter section, the recessesbeing adapted to discharge the leakage into the gut-ter.

13. A construction of the cl'iaracter dcscribed, including incon'ibinaition, a foundation unit having a recess formed therein,vertical studs each having a reduced portion at its lower end adapted tofit into said recess and having a plurality of cutout portions providingshoulders, a plurality of longitudinally extending supporting membersadapted to fit in said cutout portions of the studs and slab unitsresting thereon and positioned therebetween, a top or head piecepositioned on top of said studs and units, a plurality of raftersmounted on said top or head piece, roofing slab units resting on therafter, said roofing slab units having interlocking edges.

ln testimony whereof I hereunto subscribe my name.

FRANK R. HAHN.

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